COGNITIVE ORIENTATION THEORY IN COMMUNICATION PSYCHOLOGY

Communication is a complex process and involves many aspects of thinking and social ability. If the damage to the brain occurs then it will affect one of these capabilities including the ability to communicate successfully. The difficulty in cognitive communication is the term often used for the problem. The frontal lobes section in particular is crucial for the ability of cognitive communication due to its role in brain executive function, flexible thinking ability and social behaviour. Nevertheless, many other parts of the brain interact to showcase other important skills such as the temporal lobes and the parietal lobes.

Psychology that uses cognitive orientation, in theory, will be centered on the process – the central process for example in attitudes, ideas, and expectations used to describe behavior. Cognitive orentation differs from the psychoanalytic orientation that learns the most in-depth processes such as unconsciousness, Id, as well as the behavioristic theories of theory that emphasize the study of behavior in processes that occur outside such as Stimuli and replies. Learning about cognitive theories relates to processes that occur in a person's brain system as well as a person's nervous system that learns that a person will be actively processing information.

Definition of cognitive orientation

Cognitive orientation in communication psychology has a basic concept that learns the concept of communication, thinking and knowledge building. Expressed in the cognitive theory that human behavior is active and described as an environment perceived by the person involved itself, the cognitive drafting that includes the process of learning, thinking, solving problems, forgetting, Psychological changes and cognitive structures. All of these can be influenced by the biological conditions of the individual, the principle of the Organization, and the conditions that produce the original structure, the needs and emotions of one's.

Social cognitive theories used in psychology, education and communication play a role in the acquisition of one's knowledge that can relate directly to observations of others in the context of social interactions, experiences and External media influences. This theory was proposed by Albert Bandura as an extension of the social learning theory. The theory states that when people observe a single example that showcases behaviors and their consequences, they can recall the order of the events and use this information to lead to subsequent behavior.

Because of the influence of the mass media role in the community, understanding the psychological mechanisms through symbolic communication affects human mind. Albert Bandura developed this theory since the 1960s that explains on how and why there is a tendency to emulate what people see through certain media or through others. This is the development of a social learning theory that suggests frameworks for understanding and predicting and altering human behaviour. Cognitive orientation in communication psychology is understood through social cognitive theories that emphasize the human capacity to learn without passing a direct experience.

This theory is therefore also referred to as observational learning theory that depends on several things, including the ability of the subject to understand and remember what it sees, identifying through the mediation of characters or situations that will Affect impersonation of the behavior. Cognitive orientation in communication psychology often uses this theory as a learning theory of media and Mass communication, health communication or interpersonal communication. The goal is to explain how a person regulates his behaviour through control and reinforcement to achieve behavior in order to achieve a goal that can be maintained at all times.

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LANGUAGE FUNCTIONS IN PSYCHOLOGY

Language is the center of all our lives and is regarded as a cultural tool that distinguishes humans from other species. In some ways, language is the behavior that allows the human singularity to arise such as religion and science. We use language to shop for supermarkets, get jobs, buy train tickets, compose emails, make calls, and so on. Language allows us to make friends, even enemies, pass the time of the day, and so forth. In daily life we produce and understand languages with levels that have been deemed appropriate.

No matter whether we are rich or poor, white or black, we need to have at least one language. It may be impossible to even imagine a place or situation in life where it does not use language to serve as an expression and communication tool. Language social and psychological functions are also crucial and become increasingly important. Perhaps even the language function in psychology becomes mixed with the language function in other areas. Some language functions in psychology include:

1. Communication function

The most basic language functions including the language function in psychology as we already know is to express something, attempt to express a change of statement, fear, delight, pain or confusion. In many cases the language also serves as a communication tool with other members of the group especially in hazardous situations. It is likely a response to an automatic instinct function, and is also found in lower organisms as well. At the human level, the role of communication carries a more crucial importance. 

2. Interpretive function

The language function in this psychology is very evident in the human life, when certain expressions serve as a stimulus to others to interpret certain situations. This interpretive function itself serves to restore the cognitive balance. If the stimulus itself creates a condition of uncertainty or new situation, interpretation can explain the situation and restore the balance. Certain interpretations will help put information in a proper position in a person's cognitive world. 

3. Control function

Speaking of control functions, there is a separate social dimension of individual dimensions. Slowly when a relationship is formed between a certain existence and stimulus it will result in a reaction. This is where there is a beginning of control occurring at a simple level, this control function may be accidental and realized but along with a person's growth and the more concentrated the environment, the language control function will be increasingly centered.

4. Remembering and thinking functions

Imagine if we were able to think and remember without using words. It is almost impossible to repeat back or remember, even think without using words and language. Language is what helps us to decode experiences, keep them and remember and resubmit them. Languages also help us translate the experience into thoughts and engage in the process in different types.

5. The discovery function of a person's name

One of the most important stepping stones in the development of a child is the discovery that it has a name and this is the beginning of self-identity, which will lead to the development of feelings like ' me ', ' I ', ' mine ', ' other people ' , ' not me ' and so forth. The discovery of a person's name is a language function in psychology that plays a crucial role in the overall psychological development of the individual. This is the beginning of self identity and effort to see oneself as an object. This is what essentially makes the difference between human and non human organisms, as well as between early childhood and an adult or disturbed adult person. The issue of self-concept formation and self-identity has been tested in greater detail elsewhere, but the important point to remember is that the very critical role is played by the language in self-development and development Psychology as a whole.

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Why Forgot to Make You Smart ??

It is not uncommon for someone to experience a sudden forgetfulness or forget that it has become part of their daily lives. Whether it's forgetting small things such as places to store keys, glasses, wallets and other items, people's names and faces, forgetting promises or just forgetting information that has been learned in the past. Sometimes we also often forget what to do in the middle of activity. Forgetting that too often can indicate a disturbance in memory, but forgetting within the limits that are still reasonable can actually make the brain smarter.

The brain works as a series that communicates with each other at all times. Forgetting happens because of a pause in the communication that interferes with the ability to focus on one thing. Decreasing ability to remember may be due to interference or distraction. When someone tries to remember something, a new network will be formed in the brain to help the remembering process.

Forgot to be a sign of intelligence

The part of the brain that regulates cognition and controls memory as intended is the prefrontal cortex which is located behind the forehead. In this area the memory that is owned will be changed in two directions namely stronger or weaker. The cause of forgetting is the increasingly weak memory. In several studies, it was revealed that forgetting something is normal and can actually make it smarter. The reasons for forgetting to make you smart include:

1. Maintain important information

Forgetting usually occurs because old memory is replaced by new memory, because the formation of new brain cells formed in the hippocampus area is related to the process of learning new things. Old memory will be difficult to access because it is overwritten by the new cell. Changing the old memory with the new one will allow you to maintain important information and release less important information.

2. Adapting to new situations

Old information that is discarded and replaced with new information will make it easier for you to adjust to the new situation, which certainly gives a lot of torrential new information to your brain. Without the old information that is less relevant, then you will not be confused to determine which information is in the brain that can be used.

3. Make the right decision

Forgetting old information replaced by new information will help you to make the right decision. The reason why forgetting to make you smart is to forget old information that is not related, the brain can freely process the information needed in accordance with the current state.

4. Get rid of misleading information

The reason why forgetting to make you smart is when the brain releases outdated information, it will allow us to adapt new situations. By forgetting old information and potentially misleading, we will be easier to maneuver in an environment that continues to change. If you try to go through life and continue to get misleading information, confusing and overlapping memories, it will be increasingly difficult to make the right decisions.

5. Discard useless information

Making smart decisions does not mean you have to have all the information at once, only means that you need to know the most valuable information. That means cleaning up the space in your memory for the most recent information. Forgetting is a process of discarding that information so that your brain will only store data that will help and be relevant to the present.

6. Help see the big picture

When you forget names or details, the brain is making choices that the details are not very meaningful. The researchers found that the human brain facilitates decision making by stopping us from focusing too much on less important past details. The brain actually promotes generalizations to help remember the most important aspects. One of the things that distinguishes the environment you will want to remember with an environment where you want to forget a few things is how consistent the environment is and how likely certain events return to your life.

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6 Relationship between Emotional Intelligence and Self-Control in Psychology

Relationship between emotional intelligence and self-control is very close to one another. In general, self-control is defined as a desire and ability to achieve a life that is harmonious, balanced and harmonious to the rights and obligations of individuals in family life, community, nation and state. Then, what are the actual relationships of emotional intelligence with self-control ?, along with the explanation.

1. Increase awareness

Everyone will certainly be aware if a negative form of thought or feeling arises. Usually, someone who does not have self-control and emotional intelligence will not be able to capture the negative thoughts or feelings that emerge so that they will be directly controlled and paralyzed by negative thoughts and feelings such as when someone offends or insults us that can make someone angry immediately.

If someone does not have self-control and emotional intelligence, then the anger can appear so quickly and suddenly it will be overwhelmed by that anger. But when someone has self-control and emotional intelligence, then someone will immediately be aware of these thoughts and will immediately stop the same effect as the relationship of emotional intelligence with self-confidence.

2. Achieve Long-Term Goals

When a person has emotional intelligence and good self-control, he can help himself to achieve his long-term goals. To be able to get these long-term goals, one must be able to resist all kinds of temptations that occur as soon as possible.

For example, when feeling afraid, emotional intelligence and self-control will make someone able to control and find ways to get out of that fear. When tempted to be lazy and give up, the ability to control themselves and emotional intelligence in psychology will be very helpful in getting out of the situation.

3. Eliminating anxiety and worry

When someone experiences negative emotions, it is often disturbed by various things that make him unable to focus and this is where the importance of emotional intelligence and self-control to have. Later, a person will be able to divert his attention from various useless things that characterize self-control and kind of emotions so that they can focus more on the things that are relevant and important in their lives.

In research it has also been proven if someone who has emotional intelligence and good self-control can overcome the anxiety and anxiety that is felt very well too.

4. Adding information for motivation

Because there is a relationship between emotional intelligence and self-control not only arises from clear thinking, but actually this also happens from the conscience. This can later provide all that arises from the feeling of adding important information that can motivate the individual to be able to find the potential he has.

Someone who has emotional intelligence and self-control and understands about emotional restraint tips will also use them appropriately. For example, a poorly controlled appetite can cause illness and even accountability for halal food.

5. Improve community life

Emotional intelligence and self-control are aspects that are very much needed in community life and certainly very useful to apply in everyday life. In addition to the family environment, school and community environment, emotional intelligence and self-control can also motivate someone to obtain benefits that will change it from what is thought to be what is done.

6. Improving a Good Personal Image

Individuals who have good emotional intelligence and self-control will be easier to get along with, be able to act firmly, not easily be afraid of something, have a strong will to engage with others, be more consistent and various other good things.

The relationship of emotional intelligence with self-control prioritizes the ratio which will be very important to give motivation so that one can get the best solution in even an emergency situation.

The relationship of personal intelligence with self-control is not only important for personal but also for social life in school, work and community. For that, these two elements are very important to be mastered by everyone so that they are not easily affected by various negative things that can damage a decision or action to be taken. Hopefully this review can be useful and make yourself better for life

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How To Create a Good Work Environment

Being able to work for a company that is a dream of many people is certainly a pride for them. However, this is not felt by most people, sometimes because economic demands make them have to work for companies they don't like. As a result, sometimes they become less enthusiastic at work. For this reason, company management must be aware of this and try to make employees feel at home working, among others by building a full motivated work environment.

According to Tommy Wattimena, the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of PT Smart Tbk provides several tips, about how to make a comfortable work environment, namely by

1. Align the values ​​and vision of the organization and company.

Having interest and love for work, will make someone always motivated to complete how much work they face.

2. Creating a sense of comfort

A comfortable work environment can make employees work calmly and have high motivation. Many people move to work, because they do not get comfort at work.

3. Creating a sense of security

When employees feel safe, they will be able to see the career future clearly. So that employees will be motivated to release their best potential. Conversely, if security is not created, then work motivation drops dramatically. It can even trigger negative attitude or attitude.

4. Growing pride in work

Having pride in the profession is very important for growing motivation within. If employees do not have pride in their current profession at the office, their work motivation will not be high.

5. Provide space for self actualization

Conformity between work and life goals can encourage employees to feel comfortable or enjoy their work. Employees will always be eager to do work that is in accordance with their hobbies or desires, as a self-actualization (self actualization) at work. The task of HR management is to harmonize the vision and mission and values ​​of the company with the values ​​championed by employees, from the beginning of recruitment.

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