THE DIFFERENCE ABOUT INTROVERT AND ANTISOCIAL IN PSYCHOLOGY

People who lack an understanding of introvert and antisocial understanding sometimes equate both terms equally. But the fact is not the same, many people who interpret introvert is anti-social. actually, both terms are two different things. Introvert can not be said as antisocial, nor vice versa. To find out what are introvert and antisocial differences, here are examples of the explanations below:

1. Introvert is comfortable with oneself but capable of having good relations with others while the antisocial itself is not able to relate to others in a healthy.

People who have an introvert attitude, he tends to just love to do everything himself, he feels comfortable with a quiet state rather than crowded. However, introverts are able to forge a good relationship to the surrounding people. Unlike antisocial, he chooses to withdraw from the environment. So to interact with others is somewhat difficult. 

2. Introvert is a form of personality but antisocial is a problem in the mental health of one

Next, introvert and antisocial differences are you must be cautious if you have colleagues or relatives with antisocial indications. Because the antisocial people are almost the same as psychopathic people. They like to cheat, influence, hate and reject everything that is good. Because antisocial looked at everything badly in their eyes. Unlike introverts that have closed characters, they tend to rarely hate others.

3. Someone who is antisocial can be a very extroverted and open person while introvert can not be an extrovert

Generally people think that someone who is antisocial prefers themselves and does not like to gather with others. Who they think can be able to become extroverted and open to others as they are. However, generally in certain objectives, often negative objectives. While introvert is different because they can not be an ektrovert figure because it is a personality that can not be changed. 

4. Introvert can relate to people close to him, while antisocial has no sense of empathy towards others

To know introvert and antisocial differences is if introverts have a sense of empathy. They can also forge a relationship with people closest to him and have a sense of caring about the feelings of others. But the antisocial person has no caring taste and is also very selfish, he only cares about himself.

5. One who has an introvert attitude can not be changed but the antisocial person can still be changed

The next Intovert and antisocial difference is if the introvert cannot be changed. It is a positive and unproblematic personality when one has a personality as an introvert. However, people with antisocial souls this is a disease that needs to be healed. So it needs to be changed because otherwise it will affect the worse, because he will hurt other people also himself.

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COGNITIVE ORIENTATION THEORY BY BANDURA

Cognitive orientation in communication psychology in the theory of Bandura has a beginning of various ideas regarding different theories as follows:

• Model of Causation/Model cause – Human adaptation in this theory model is explained through the term ' triadic reciprocal causation ' or ' triadik reciprocity. This Model illustrates the continuous interaction between environmental, behavioral and personal factors.
• Symbolizing ability/Symbolizing Capability-This theory Model describes the human capacity to be free from the learning process in the form of ' trial and error ', where the symbolization allows individual abstract thinking to prescribe an experience that May occur, tested with rational thinking.
• Vicarious Capability – states that one can learn behavior by observing the actions of others and the consequences of that action. Human-owned skills to learn that are derived will impede the learning process while conducting to achieve behavior.
• The ability to think – the behavior of the human being partly has a specific purpose and is therefore governed by the thought that has occurred. Thought will require reflection on the consequences of action, setting goals and planning what actions will be taken. Individuals will realise the concept of thought and outcome and create motivation or even barriers to direct the selection of what action to take.
• Self-regulating ability – the combination of standard personal and community standards is used for self-evaluation and can be changed according to the needs. Self-monitoring will be expected to have an effect on the motivation or inhibitory experienced by a person when he or she is considering a particular action.
• Self-reflection ability – people evaluate their behaviour and adjust according to the consequences that will be experienced and also adhered to the standards from within and outside. This is part of the individual's perception of their competence. Self-reflection emphasized by Bandura can produce the wrong mindset.
• Human Nature – This trait comes from genetic factors that can affect potential behaviour. Therefore human action is a combination of cognitive abilities that have been studied with the psycho-physiological factors that were brought from birth.

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LANGUAGE FUNCTIONS IN PSYCHOLOGY

Language is the center of all our lives and is regarded as a cultural tool that distinguishes humans from other species. In some ways, language is the behavior that allows the human singularity to arise such as religion and science. We use language to shop for supermarkets, get jobs, buy train tickets, compose emails, make calls, and so on. Language allows us to make friends, even enemies, pass the time of the day, and so forth. In daily life we produce and understand languages with levels that have been deemed appropriate.

No matter whether we are rich or poor, white or black, we need to have at least one language. It may be impossible to even imagine a place or situation in life where it does not use language to serve as an expression and communication tool. Language social and psychological functions are also crucial and become increasingly important. Perhaps even the language function in psychology becomes mixed with the language function in other areas. Some language functions in psychology include:

1. Communication function

The most basic language functions including the language function in psychology as we already know is to express something, attempt to express a change of statement, fear, delight, pain or confusion. In many cases the language also serves as a communication tool with other members of the group especially in hazardous situations. It is likely a response to an automatic instinct function, and is also found in lower organisms as well. At the human level, the role of communication carries a more crucial importance. 

2. Interpretive function

The language function in this psychology is very evident in the human life, when certain expressions serve as a stimulus to others to interpret certain situations. This interpretive function itself serves to restore the cognitive balance. If the stimulus itself creates a condition of uncertainty or new situation, interpretation can explain the situation and restore the balance. Certain interpretations will help put information in a proper position in a person's cognitive world. 

3. Control function

Speaking of control functions, there is a separate social dimension of individual dimensions. Slowly when a relationship is formed between a certain existence and stimulus it will result in a reaction. This is where there is a beginning of control occurring at a simple level, this control function may be accidental and realized but along with a person's growth and the more concentrated the environment, the language control function will be increasingly centered.

4. Remembering and thinking functions

Imagine if we were able to think and remember without using words. It is almost impossible to repeat back or remember, even think without using words and language. Language is what helps us to decode experiences, keep them and remember and resubmit them. Languages also help us translate the experience into thoughts and engage in the process in different types.

5. The discovery function of a person's name

One of the most important stepping stones in the development of a child is the discovery that it has a name and this is the beginning of self-identity, which will lead to the development of feelings like ' me ', ' I ', ' mine ', ' other people ' , ' not me ' and so forth. The discovery of a person's name is a language function in psychology that plays a crucial role in the overall psychological development of the individual. This is the beginning of self identity and effort to see oneself as an object. This is what essentially makes the difference between human and non human organisms, as well as between early childhood and an adult or disturbed adult person. The issue of self-concept formation and self-identity has been tested in greater detail elsewhere, but the important point to remember is that the very critical role is played by the language in self-development and development Psychology as a whole.

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Why Forgot to Make You Smart ??

It is not uncommon for someone to experience a sudden forgetfulness or forget that it has become part of their daily lives. Whether it's forgetting small things such as places to store keys, glasses, wallets and other items, people's names and faces, forgetting promises or just forgetting information that has been learned in the past. Sometimes we also often forget what to do in the middle of activity. Forgetting that too often can indicate a disturbance in memory, but forgetting within the limits that are still reasonable can actually make the brain smarter.

The brain works as a series that communicates with each other at all times. Forgetting happens because of a pause in the communication that interferes with the ability to focus on one thing. Decreasing ability to remember may be due to interference or distraction. When someone tries to remember something, a new network will be formed in the brain to help the remembering process.

Forgot to be a sign of intelligence

The part of the brain that regulates cognition and controls memory as intended is the prefrontal cortex which is located behind the forehead. In this area the memory that is owned will be changed in two directions namely stronger or weaker. The cause of forgetting is the increasingly weak memory. In several studies, it was revealed that forgetting something is normal and can actually make it smarter. The reasons for forgetting to make you smart include:

1. Maintain important information

Forgetting usually occurs because old memory is replaced by new memory, because the formation of new brain cells formed in the hippocampus area is related to the process of learning new things. Old memory will be difficult to access because it is overwritten by the new cell. Changing the old memory with the new one will allow you to maintain important information and release less important information.

2. Adapting to new situations

Old information that is discarded and replaced with new information will make it easier for you to adjust to the new situation, which certainly gives a lot of torrential new information to your brain. Without the old information that is less relevant, then you will not be confused to determine which information is in the brain that can be used.

3. Make the right decision

Forgetting old information replaced by new information will help you to make the right decision. The reason why forgetting to make you smart is to forget old information that is not related, the brain can freely process the information needed in accordance with the current state.

4. Get rid of misleading information

The reason why forgetting to make you smart is when the brain releases outdated information, it will allow us to adapt new situations. By forgetting old information and potentially misleading, we will be easier to maneuver in an environment that continues to change. If you try to go through life and continue to get misleading information, confusing and overlapping memories, it will be increasingly difficult to make the right decisions.

5. Discard useless information

Making smart decisions does not mean you have to have all the information at once, only means that you need to know the most valuable information. That means cleaning up the space in your memory for the most recent information. Forgetting is a process of discarding that information so that your brain will only store data that will help and be relevant to the present.

6. Help see the big picture

When you forget names or details, the brain is making choices that the details are not very meaningful. The researchers found that the human brain facilitates decision making by stopping us from focusing too much on less important past details. The brain actually promotes generalizations to help remember the most important aspects. One of the things that distinguishes the environment you will want to remember with an environment where you want to forget a few things is how consistent the environment is and how likely certain events return to your life.

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7 Tips How to Control Emotional Health

One of the importance of maintaining emotional health in oneself is that emotional conditions become more stable. This affects your life and feelings during your daily activities. Emotional maturity will help you be able to carry out activities with a feeling of calm, peace and optimism. The following is the importance of emotional intelligence for women that should be known.

Therefore, the importance of healthy emotions, if the emotional condition is bad then whatever you face will definitely have an effect on bad conditions. For that, know also how to improve emotional health in yourself:

1. Improve Lifestyle

It is impossible for emotions to become unstable if your lifestyle is bad, examples are always staying up late or not using leisure time to rest. You can because you have bad habits, so your energy is reduced by things that are not useful. If this condition routinely occurs, then gradually the impact on emotions becomes unstable. Know the relationship between parenting parents and adolescent emotional development.

2. Pay attention to yourself

Tips to improve other emotional health, namely by paying attention to yourself. By loving yourself makes you become more confident, whatever you do you believe everything will be good. And never blame yourself continuously, by forgetting the past your life will become better and emotions become organized.

3. Positive Thingking

Never consider yourself weak, bad or not useful. It is precisely whatever you have in mind that makes motivation and positive thinking. With this, you can receive whatever results from your activities, life is not always smooth. With experience and also the lessons that you get, make it an opportunity to improve yourself too, continue to be thoughtful. Undoubtedly your life and emotions are much calmer and healthier. Recognize the impact and influence of emotional intelligence on interpersonal communication.

4. Do Hobbies
The next tip to improve emotional health is to do a hobby that you like. Thus your life will be more challenging and joyful. Being able to meet many new friends, a new atmosphere also spends time with a favorite hobby. Hobbies can make your emotions much calmer and can be channeled.

5. Thankful

With the pleasure you have now, you should be far more grateful. A great gift will enjoy life, health and so on is something that can make your soul more calm. Grateful for the achievements that have been obtained every day is an exercise for emotional health. You can do interesting things or think about ideas before going to bed. Think of interesting and big things so that tomorrow you will feel happier.

6. Take a rest

Tips to improve other emotional health is to get enough rest. In a way that isn't enough is a way to treat your emotional and physical health. Sleep rest needs between 6 to 8 hours each day. So that with enough rest your emotions are far more stable and also more relaxed and refreshed.

7. Be nice

Be who you are, don't do things you don't like. The more you get caught up in evil, the more your emotions flare up. Therefore, make interesting things that you want to do that can certainly make yourself proud, and good for those around you. Some relationships are emotional intelligence with self control.

Well, so are some examples of exposure to tips on improving emotional health. Know the right way to make your life a lot better. Good luck.

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Functional Approach in Psychology

The functional approach included in the kinds of special psychology is the approach taken by a teacher to students by using the value of a science, especially language for the benefit of the life of their students. This approach is also a method used to get the results of the functional approach itself which is an approach that tends to teach or learn languages ​​based on language functions.

A functional approach can also be interpreted as an effort to provide learning material that emphasizes the aspects of benefits for students in their daily lives in accordance with their development. The material that children learn in school is not only to train the brain, but also expected to be useful for the lives of children both for individual life and social life. The functional approach in psychology means that children can use knowledge obtained from the educational environment and practiced in their daily lives. Then, what are the functional approaches in psychology ?,  along with the explanation for you.

1. Individual Approach

In some cases that occur in teaching and learning activities can be overcome by using an individual approach such as the example of stopping students who like to talk and the kinds of behavior in psychology. The way to do this is to move or separate one of the students to another place which is separated from a fairly far distance. Talking students are placed in a more quiet group of students. Problems with students' learning difficulties will be more easily solved by this individual approach even though group approaches are also likely to be needed. That way, an individual approach is an approach taken by educators to see students' differences in their individual aspects.

2. Group Approach

As explained in the first point, the group approach is sometimes needed and used to foster and develop students' social attitudes which are also included in effective learning methods according to psychology. The thing to realize is that students are gay socious creatures, namely creatures that are more likely to live together. By using a group approach, it is expected that a high social sense can develop in each student. They will be nurtured so that they can control the selfish attitudes that exist within themselves so that they can form a loyal attitude of social friends in the class. In addition, later students can also live interdependently because no living creature can continue to live alone without involving other creatures either directly or indirectly and consciously or unconsciously.

3. Variation Approach

Generally, the problems that occur in students do vary and the most appropriate approach to use is a variety approach compared to other types of learning styles. For example, students who are not disciplined with students who like to talk will be different for how to solve or solve them and demand approaches that are also different. The variation approach is inversely proportional to the concept if the problems faced by each student when learning also vary. Cases that usually occur in teaching are many motives, so variations in solving techniques are also needed for each case. For this reason, this variation approach is a tool that can be used by teachers for learning purposes. If concluded, the variation approach is the approach taken by the teacher to solve the problems of diverse students using problem-solving techniques that also vary.

4. Educational Approach

The educational approach is the most appropriate approach for educators to use as well as ways to find out the talents of children from an early age. Every action, attitude and action carried out by educators must have educational value. It aims to educate students to respect moral norms, legal norms, religious norms and social norms. The aim of this approach is to foster the character of students with noble moral education. This means that the educational approach is an approach used by the teacher who is worth educating with legal norms, moral norms, religious norms and also social norms. For example, when the bell rings to eat, do not let the children enter directly but first line up at the door. The class leader will then be given orders to arrange the ranks while the other students will march while the educators also control the students.

Next on Functional Approach in Psychology (Part 2)

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Functional Approach in Psychology (Part 2)

Continue from the previous article Functional Approach in Psychology there is the next function approach in psychology:

5. Experience Approach

Experience can be said to be a soulless teacher but always sought after by everyone who is also very important for the development of memory in children. Learning from experience will be better than just talking and never doing it at all. Learning becomes a reality that is shown in physical activity. Although experience is needed and sought during life, but in reality, not all experiences are educational. An experience can be said not to educate if educators do not bring children towards educational goals. Characteristic features of educational experience are centered on a goal that has meaning for children, is interactive with the environment while being able to increase children's integration. Given the very high value of experience, it is necessary to realize that this is very important for the development of the child's soul so that experience can be used as a method of approach in psychology and the characteristics of special intelligent children can be seen. It can be said if the experience approach is the approach taken by educators by giving examples of some experiences in students to instill the value of education. For example, Islamic education will be carried out with a religious approach, namely students who are given the opportunity to gain religious experience either individually or in groups. During the month of Ramadan, Muslims are required to perform fasting.

6. Habitual Approach

Habit for students is also very important because with habituation, it eventually becomes an activity that will be owned by the child at the same time to overcome the causes of mental weakness in children. Good habits will shape human beings with good personalities and vice versa. Unlike adults, children think more abstractly and they can only think concretely. Small children who do not have strong memory can quickly forget everything that has happened. Their attention is also easier to divert to new things that are preferred. Children do not have an obligation but already have the right as one of them provides education which is a way of giving good habits to their lives. With this habituation, it will also affect the school environment and the community. For this reason, the teaching method that must be considered is a method of training or drill, execution of tasks, demonstrations and also direct experience in the field.

7. Rational Approach

An important effort for educators is to give a role to reason or ratio when understanding and accepting the truth of religious teachings, including also to understand the wisdom and function of the teachings of religious psychology. Because reason or ratio is finally used as a rational approach to the interests of education and also teaching in schools. To support the use of this approach, the teaching method must be adjusted to the age level. For example, about proving something related to religious issues must be adjusted to the level of thinking of the child. Proof of error can later be fatal to the soul of the child so that the most important effort for the teacher is to give a role to reason or ratio to understand and accept the truth of religious teachings, including also understanding the wisdom and function of religious teachings.

8. Emotional Approach

Emotions in psychology are psychiatric symptoms that are in a person that are related to feelings. Someone who has feelings can certainly feel something both physical feeling or spiritual feeling. In addition, there are also intellectual feelings, aesthetic, social, ethical feelings and feelings of self-esteem. Feelings are a function of the soul in order to be able to consider and measure things according to pleasure or unhappiness, have the nature of being happy and sad, strong and weak, long and brief, relative and not standing alone as a statement of the soul. This emotional approach aims to attempt to arouse feelings and also the type of emotions students believe in, understand and appreciate their religious teachings. To achieve the goal of this emotional approach, the methods that must be considered are the lecture method, story telling and sociodrama. For this reason, the emotional approach taken by educators to students is done through verbal stimuli such as stories, lectures, innuendo, ridicule, dialogue, news, orders, recommendations and so forth. While non-verbal stimulation is a form of behavior in the form of attitudes and actions.

9. Functional Approach

Science is a science that can shape a child's personality such as overcoming depression in children. Children will be able to feel the benefits of the knowledge that has been obtained at school. Children will later utilize the use value of a science for the sake of life. With this, the value of science is functional in the child. For example, religious studies given in class, will be implemented in the daily lives of students and also students can feel the knowledge that has been obtained at school.

10. Religious Approach

General subjects are very interested in the religious approach. The concept of personality in the psychology of religion aims to ensure that cultural values ​​of science are not secular, but that they are integrated with religious values. With the application of teaching principles such as the principle of correlation and socialization, educators can insert religious message messages for all general subjects. Educators must also master the teachings of religious teachings that are in accordance with the subjects held. For example, biology lessons that cannot be separated from the letter Yasin verses 37-40 are theorems of real propositions for supporters of religious approaches in physics.

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THEORY OF PSICHOLOGY

Learning theory in psychology is a conceptual framework in psychology that is concerned with how knowledge is absorbed, then processed and then maintained in the learning process. The influence of cognitive, emotional and environmental as well as previous experience are factors that play an important role in understanding or forming global views, also things that are acquired and knowledge and expertise are maintained and developed. 

 Human behavior experts view learning as an aspect of conditioning that will support a system of rewarding and achieving targets in the world of education. Educators also adhere to cognitive theory which believes that the definition of education as a behavior change is too narrow and prefers to study students rather than their environment and especially is the complexity of human memory. Then, those who support constructive theory believe that the ability of a learner to learn is very dependent on how far things have been learned and known beforehand and the acquisition of knowledge must be built with adjustments that differ from one individual to another. Transformative learning theory focuses more on the occurrence of changes that are often things that are needed in the prejudices and views of students towards the world. 

 Outside the world of educational psychology, there are a variety of techniques used to directly observe the functions of the human brain during the teaching learning process, such as event-related potential and functional magnetic resonance imaging used in educational neuroscience. In 2012, such research has begun to support the theory of multiplicity, where learning is seen as an interaction between different functional areas in the brain, each with its own strengths and weaknesses that vary between students and other students. The various theories in learning can be seen in the discussion below:
1. classical theory
2. classical conditioning theory
3. Instrumental Conditioning Theory
4. social learning

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